In Brief | Lower IQ scores associated with diabetic ketoacidosis in young type 1 diabetes patients
Type of article: In Brief
MedED Catalogue Reference: MPIB006
Keywords: cognitive function, diabetic ketoacidosis, early childhood, type 1 diabetes
Sources: Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Originally published in Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism: May 2023
Young children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D) face an increased risk of cognitive deterioration after experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), although research on cognitive function in T1D primarily focuses on school-age children.
In this 2023 study, the researchers set out to examine whether a single experience of DKA is associated with lower cognitive functioning in young children.
The study, which enrolled 46 newly diagnosed T1D children from 12 sites, aimed to assess IQ scores 2–6 months after DKA at the onset of T1D in children aged 3-5 years. Such a finding would suggest greater susceptibility to cognitive decline in young children.
The findings were as follows:
• Investigators analysed 73 children, noting that patient demographic variables had no statistical difference as a function of DKA status.
• Young children with T1D who experienced diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at ages 3 to 5 had significantly lower IQ scores, irrespective of DKA severity, compared to children who did not experience DKA.
The researchers conclude that these findings suggest that young children with T1D may be particularly susceptible to the negative effects of DKA on cognitive functioning, emphasizing the importance of early diabetes detection and DKA prevention in this age group.
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